What refers to the inflammation of the peritoneum?

Peritonitis refers specifically to the inflammation of the peritoneum, which is the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal organs. This condition can arise due to infections, often from bacteria entering the peritoneal cavity, or from perforations in the digestive tract. Symptoms typically include abdominal pain, tenderness, and signs of infection.

The other terms in the choices relate to different types of inflammation in other areas of the body. Pneumonitis pertains to inflammation of the lung tissue, gastritis is the inflammation of the stomach lining, and appendicitis describes the inflammation of the appendix. Each of these conditions affects different organs and systems, making peritonitis distinct in its association with the peritoneum.